Age spots - what they are and how to deal with them

Age spots, also known as liver spots, are flat, brown patches of skin which occur on the face, the back of the hands, arms, the back, and neck. They are up to an inch across, are harmless and do not itch or feel painful. They are thought to be caused by long-term sun exposure, and are directly a result of active pigment cells.

Though not dangerous, they can be confused with melanoma, which can lead to skin cancer. Large, dark patches with irregular borders should be examined by a doctor.

Age spots and liver spots are also seen in women taking oral contraceptives, as increased estrogen level and sunlight have been linked to their creation.

How to treat age spots

Although age spots and liver spots are not a medical concern, they are cosmetically unappealing, and to some, give away your age.

Retinoic acid (Retin-A) is a safe and effective medication (approved by the FDA) which can fade pigmentation. It will virtually wipe out small spots and lighten larger ones.

Alpha and beta hydroxyl acids also reduce the effects of aging and are used to treat age spots and liver spots. Ascorbic acid, an antioxidant, can be used to lighten skin discoloration.

Fade creams with hydroquinone (a bleaching ingredient) and glycolic acid (a moisturizer) are effective in treating minor spots, although darker spots may require more aggressive treatment with retinoic acid, chemical peels, or cryogenic therapy.

Final notes

In general, it is not necessary to live with age spots and liver spots. There are a wide array of topical creams and treatment options which can lighten, and in some cases, wipe out any skin discoloration.

Finally, avoid new age spots by minimizing exposure to the sun and wearing sunscreen with UVA and UVB protection, and you will have the keys to maximizing the youthfulness of your skin.